Overview
Overview – Neurodevelopment Disorders – Motor (NMD)
Neurodevelopmental motor disorders are a group of conditions that are characterized by developmental deficits in learning, control, and use of motor skills. They are manifested by clumsiness and slowness or inaccuracy of performance of motor skills that cause interference with activities of daily living.
The pathophysiology of motor neurodevelopment disorders involves complex neuronal processes involving sensorimotor integration. It also includes somatosensory, proprioceptive, visual, and vestibular functions, along with the related motor control pathways. The individual has difficulty acquiring, learning, and performing coordinated motor skills. No surprise, this can interfere with activities of daily living including social, academic, and other activities. In young infants, symptoms may include hypotonia (floppy baby) or hypertonia (rigid baby) disorders.
This type of movement disorder is diagnosed when an individual has repetitive, seemingly driven, and apparently purposeless and nonrhythmic motor-movement behaviors, such as hand flapping, body rocking, head banging, self-biting, or self-hitting. If the behaviors result in self-injury, this should be specified as part of the diagnostic description. It also may include sudden, rapid, recurrent vocalizations.
Stereotypic movement disorder has been more clearly differentiated from body-focused repetitive behavior disorders that are presented in the obsessive-compulsive disorder chapter of the DSM 5.
Neurodevelopment Disorders, Motor, presents information on four types of motor disorders, one type each day for four days. These are:
- Developmental Coordination Disorder
- Stereotypic Movement Disorder
- Tourette’s Disorder
- Persistent Motor or Vocal Tic Disorder
On the fifth day, the Team reviews each of the Motor Neurodevelopment Disorders, Motor, helping you to fix the information in your memory and to reaffirm the strategies for dealing with each type. Typically, the average person needs to review information three or four times to move it from short-term memory into long-term memory.
That concludes an Overview for Neurodevelopment Motor Disorders.
